¿Qué es el decrecimiento? De un lema activista a un movimiento social
Palabras clave:
decrecimiento, movimientos sociales, estrategias políticas, límites al crecimiento, post-crecimientoResumen
Decrecimiento es la traducción literal de "décroissance", una palabra francesa que significa reducción. Lanzada como lema por activistas en 2001 como un desafío al crecimiento económico, se convirtió en una palabra-misil que desencadenó un debate controvertido sobre el diagnóstico y el pronóstico de nuestra sociedad. El "Decrecimiento" se convirtió en un marco interpretativo para un nuevo (y antiguo) movimiento social en el que convergen numerosas corrientes de ideas críticas y acciones políticas. Este artículo analiza la definición, los orígenes, la evolución, las prácticas y la construcción del decrecimiento. El objetivo principal es explicar las múltiples fuentes y estrategias del decrecimiento, a fin de mejorar su definición básica y evitar las críticas reduccionistas y los conceptos erróneos. Con este fin, el artículo presenta las principales fuentes intelectuales del decrecimiento, así como sus diversas estrategias (activismo de resistencia, construcción de alternativas y propuestas políticas) y actores (promotores de alternativas, activistas y científicos). Finalmente, el artículo argumenta que la diversidad del movimiento no resta valora la existencia de un camino común.
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