Un sistema alimentario sostenible, resiliente y deseable.
Palabras clave:
sistemas alimentarios, resiliencia, sostenibilidad, soberanía alimentariaResumen
Los análisis sobre resiliencia y sostenibilidad del sistema alimentario abundan especialmente en el campo de la economía ecológica, sin embargo, muchos de estos trabajos parten de concepciones de resiliencia y sostenibilidad como características deseables del sistema alimentario, sin prestar suficiente atención a la naturaleza inherentemente normativa que tienen estos conceptos, especialmente cuando son aplicados al análisis de sistemas socioecológicos. Desde la perspectiva del pensamiento sistémico, el presente trabajo parte de la idea de que sostenibilidad y resiliencia son características deseables si están ligadas a procesos y sistemas cuyo funcionamiento es deseable, pero no son características beneficiosas cuando se asocian a fenómenos perjudiciales. Por lo tanto, es fundamental analizar qué implicaciones tiene la dimensión normativa de la sostenibilidad y la resiliencia del sistema alimentario y qué tipo de cambios o transformaciones son necesarios para lograr un sistema alimentario no sólo sostenible y resiliente, sino también deseable. El paradigma de la soberanía alimentaria tiene, en este sentido, un importante potencial como marco para la transformación hacia un sistema alimentario sostenible, resiliente, y deseable, ya que parte del reconocimiento de la complejidad del sistema alimentario y su funcionamiento dinámico y multiescalar, incorporando dimensiones ecológicas, económicas, políticas, sociales y culturales, y abriendo paso a una aproximación inter- y transdisciplinar para el estudio y la transformación del sistema alimentario global.
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