¿Necesita la Agenda Climática Global un giro de 180 grados?
Palabras clave:
Emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero, Agenda climática, Soluciones tecnológicas, Crecimiento verde, Desarrollo sostenibleResumen
Los acuerdos internacionales negociados bajo la Convención Marco de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático no han modificado la tendencia al alza de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. Desde la economía ecológica crítica, este artículo busca estimular el debate sobre si la actual Agenda Climática Global (ACG) está siendo eficaz o, por el contrario, necesita un giro de 180 grados, como sugieren investigadoras e investigadores críticos sobre política y gobernanza climáticas, que señalan a una ACG que alimenta el capitalismo como la causa de su fracaso. En otras palabras, estas autoras y autores sostienen que las reglas que rigen la economía capitalista mundial también están moldeando la ACG. Estas reglas se fundamentan en el imperativo del crecimiento económico que beneficia a una élite minoritaria al tiempo que estimula un metabolismo socioeconómico en constante expansión, responsable de la crisis socioecológica planetaria. El artículo subraya el cambio ocurrido en los principios rectores de la política climática a partir de la década de 1980, cuando el crecimiento se convirtió en un objetivo político global incuestionable en la esfera de la gobernanza internacional. En un contexto de emergencia climática donde la evidencia muestra una correlación positiva entre el PIB mundial y las emisiones, analizar críticamente la ACG dado su empeño en promover una economía verde pro-crecimiento bajo el paraguas del desarrollo sostenible se convierte hoy en una tarea ineludible.
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