La mercantilización de la sanidad
Keywords:
New Management Ways, Private Financing Initiative, Health Care System Privatization, Health MerchantilizationAbstract
The worldwide attack against the Social Protection Public Services has its roots in the neoliberal policies applied from the beginning of the 80's by the governments of USA and the EU, with the backing of the guardians of the neoliberal orthodoxy, namely the OMC, the FMI and the WB. The privatization of the Health Care Systems implied important challenges. The hospitals could not be sold as it was done with another public enterprises. Furthermore, in the western countries, the population was accustomed to a free health care system, or at least to a wide reimbursing of the health expenditures. So, it was expected a big opposition to any loss in health rights. The goal of the Public Sector Reform, carried on by the States themselves, was to establish a more adequate framework in order to the transfer of the social insurances public funding to the private pocket. The organization and the workings of these public services was to be transformed into ones more easily profitable by the private sector. That is, the merchantilization of the Health Care. Although some structures from the former Health Care Systems still persist today, in the majority of the western countries, big multinationals, taking on the management and provision of the health care, are exerting a big pressure on the decisions concerning heath policies taken by the states. All this are decreasing the health of the population. The spanish case is a good example to show the strategies used to reach that goal
Downloads
References
ATUN, R.A. Is the private finance initiative dead? British Medical Journal. Vol.331, nº 7520. 8/10/2005. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.331.7520.792
CABIEDES MIRAGAYA, L. Aplicación de la nueva gestión pública a las reformas sanitarias del RU, Suecia, Nueva Zelanda y España. Documentos de trabajo, Universidad de Oviedo, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, nº. 260, 2003. 39 págs. 2003.(http://www.uniovi.es/econo/DocumentosTrabajo/2003/260-03.pdf).
CAPITAL STRATEGIES. Servicios Profesionales del Sector Público: Tiempo de Prosperidad. 2003. En Privatización y sistema escolar en Inglaterra. Hatcher R. http://firgoa.usc.es/drupal/node/25509.
CARVEL, J. Inspectors slam PFI hospital in report. The Guardian 27/2/2003.
CINCO DÍAS, 14/03/2006.
DIARIO MÉDICO, 4/9/1997.
DÍAZ PÉREZ J. Colaboraciones público-privadas en Canadá. Oficina Económica y Comercial de la Embajada de España en Ottawa, Julio-2005. http://www.icex.es/staticFiles/EstudioMercado_PPPCanada_9009_.pdf.
DUNNIGAN, M. G., y POLLOCK, A. M. 2003. Downsizing of acute inpatient beds associated with private finance initiative: Scotland's study case. BMJ, 326:905. http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/326/7395/905. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.326.7395.905
EL MUNDO, 14/6/2000.
EL PAÍS, 30/6/2001.
EL PAÍS 12/12/2005;
EL PAÍS, 9/6/2006.
EL PAÍS, 2006 b 13/12/2006. Entrevista a Peter Fisher
EUROSTAt-ESSPROS. 2006 Social Protection in the UE. Statistics in focus. Population and social conditions 14/2006. http://firgoa.usc.es/drupal/node/33386. 16/12/2006.
FISHER, P. Las PFI. Salud 2000, nº 101. Abril, 2005.
GOSLING, P. PFI: Against the public interest. Why a "licence to print money" can also be a recipe for disaster. 2004. www.unison.org.uk/acrobat/B1457pdf.
GRIMSHAW, VINCENT and WILLMOTT, 2002. Going privately: partnership and outsourcing in UK public services. Public Administration, 80 (3), 475-502. http://www.jbs.cam.ac.uk/people/senior_associates/pdfs/willmott_going_privately.pdf.
https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9299.00314
I.N.E. 2006 Boletín informativo del INE de agosto, 3/2006.
INSALUD, 1998 Apuntes de Planificación Estratégica. Subdirección General de Organización del INSALUD; Abril, 1998.
LA VANGUARDIA, 29/6/2000.
LISTER, J. The PFI. www.keepournhspublic.com/pdf/theprivatefinanceinitiative.pdf.
LISTER, J. b The PFI experience: voices from the frontline. www.unison.org.uk/acrobat/13383.pdf.
LISTER, J. c The PFI experience: voices from the frontline. www.unison.org.uk/acrobat/13383.pdf.
MARTÍN M. La fundación de Verín o la engañosa nueva gestión sanitaria. Salud 2000;78:11-3.
MARTÍN GARCÍA, M. La política sanitaria de Romay en Galicia. Asoc. Galega para Defensa da Sanidade Pública. 1998.
MARTÍN-GARCÍA, M. y SÁNCHEZ BAYLE, M. Nuevas formas de gestión y su impacto en las desigualdades. Gaceta Sanitaria 18-Supl. 1, PP. 96-101. 2004. https://doi.org/10.1157/13062257
MAYANS, J. y otros. Privatizaciones y fractura del sistema sanitario público. elpaís.com 2/6/2006.
McKee, M., EDWARDS, N. & ATUN, R. Public-private partnerships for hospitals. Bolletin of WHO. November, 2006.
MONBIOT, G. Our very own Enron?The Guardian, 28/6/2005. www.monbiot.com/archives/2005/06/28/our-very-own-enron/.
NOORD, VAN DEN, P. Managing Public Expenditure: The UK Approach. Economics Department Working Papers, nº 341, OECD. 2002; O,M.C.E. Organización Médica Colegial de España. www.cgcom.org/notas_prensa/2006/06_12_12_listas_espera.html. 12/12/2006.
POLLOCK, A., PRICE, D., SHAOUL, J. Cómo la OMC está formando políticas nacionales en el área de la sanidad. The Lancet, 354; 9193. 1999.
POLLOCK, A., SHAOUL, J., VICKERS, N. Private finance and "value for money", in NHS hospitals: a policy in search of a rationale? BMJ, 324. 18/5/2002. http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/324/7347/1205. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.324.7347.1205
PORTILLA M. Las constructoras se convierten en las nuevas financieras de la Administración. El Comercio Digital, 6/2/2005.
RUANE, SALLY. L'initiative de financement prive et le service national de sante du Royaume-Uni, in Telescope Quebec, Journal of the Ecole Nationale d'Administration Publique, Vol 12, No. 1 Fevrier, 41-52. Canada). 2005.
SANAI, LEYLA. http://society.guardian.co.uk/nhsperformance/coment/0,,879143,00.html. 21/1/2003.
THE GUARDIAN, 5 septiembre 2003.
THE LANCET, (1999) 11/19 http://society.guardian.co.uk/nhsperformance/comment/0,879143,00.html99, vol. 354. 1999.
TRIBUNAL DE CUENTAS, Informe de 1998, publicado en 2000. www.consumer.es/web/es/derechos_del_consumidor/2003/06/14/62517.php. 14/6/2003.
www.consumer.es/web/es/salud/2004/02/06/95284.php. 6/2/2004.
www.diariomedico.com. 19/12/2006.
www.elmundo.es/suplementos/salud/2006/691/1167416954.html. 30/12/2006.
www.elpais.com/articulo/pais/vasco/conciertos/sanitarios/centros/privados/costaron/818/millones/2005/elpepuesppvs/20060405elpvas_9/Tes. 2005.
www.lukor.com/not-neg/sectores/0523/08162629.htm. 2005.
www.msc.es/estadEstudios/estadisticas/inforRecopilaciones/gastoSanitario/docs/avanceEGSP2004.pdf. 2004.