“¡Podemos quitar la piel!” Realizando la raza cósmica en Xilam mexicano
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46661/socioldeporte.7502Palabras clave:
Raza, etnicidad, herencia, ancestralidad, artes marcialesResumen
Xilam es un arte marcial moderno inspirado en las culturas guerreras mesoamericanas prehispánicas, especialmente en la cosmovisión azteca. Como sistema de desarrollo humano, Xilam pretende formar una joven generación de mexicanos dignos como guerreros modernos, orgullosos de su herencia y ascendencia indígena. Su filosofía también hace hincapié en la naturaleza étnica y cultural híbrida de México, mezclando influencias indígenas, europeas y asiáticas. Este artículo utiliza un enfoque crítico y poscolonial de la tesis posrevolucionaria La raza cósmica del filósofo mexicano José Vasconcelos para analizar los posibles significados filosóficos de prácticas concretas dentro del Xilam. Examinando datos de entrevistas y vídeos recogidos hacia el final de un proyecto etnográfico, se adopta el arte de escuchar para mostrar cómo Xilam reinterpreta la raza cósmica en el siglo XXI. Nuestra investigación encuentra paralelismos entre las ideas de los practicantes de Xilam y a la tesis de Vasconcelos. Destaca cómo la recuperación de las nociones filosóficas prehispánicas da lugar a formas “otras” de problematizar el racismo en México sin el mesianismo utópico de Vasconcelos. En este sentido, “remover la piel” (Dzilam) se presenta como una alternativa a “la raza cósmica”; “Diversópolis” como una alternativa a “Universópolis”.
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